相信认真备考过雅思的同学都知道雅思口语的官方评分标准分成四个角度：

1.Fluency and coherence（流利与连贯）

2.Lexical resource （词汇） ; 

3.Grammatical range and accuracy (语法多样性与准确度）;

4.Pronunciation （发音）；

其中流利与连贯度是评判雅思口语一个相对直观的角度，但是，如果没有认真深入了解的话，不少同学对fluency （流利度）会产生理解错误，即认为流利度=语速， 这种错误理解是很致命的，因为一味单纯地追求语速很可能非但不会让考生在流利度上得高分，反而会被判低分。 想要知道其中的原因，我们就需要先来了解一下官方评分标准对“Fluency and coherence”的要求，我们以7分的标准为例，官方给出的解释有三点：

1.Speaks at length without noticeable effort or loss of coherence （有长度地回答讲述，无明显困难或连贯度的缺失）

2.May demonstrate language-related hesitation at times, or some repetition and/or self-correction. (可能会出现与语言相关的犹豫，或自我重复/ 自我纠正)

3.Uses a range of connectives and discourse markers with some flexibility （灵活地使用一系列的连接词和语篇标记词）

今天我们重点来关注一下第三点：连接词和语篇标记词

根据功能的不同，我们可以把它们分成以下几类雅思口语面试中超高频且实用的短语：

1.对比

but; however ; while ; on the other hand; in/by comparison ; although; even though; even if ;

2.条件／前提

as long as / so long as;  provided that;  with the premise that;

3.改述或明确表达

I mean/ what I mean is / what I want to say is ;  in other words; to put it in another way;  or rather;  to be specific ;

4.复述

like I said; as I mentioned ; as I was saying;

5.举例

for example/instance ; such as; like；take … as an example;  …is a good case in point;

6.原因

because;  since , as, for the reason that, in view of the fact that, owing to the fact that;

because of ;  on account of, as a result of, as a consequence of, owing to, by reason of, on grounds of;

7.结果

so ; therefore ; as a result; consequently; hence; thus ; accordingly; so that;  that’s why;

8.罗列首个信息

firstly; first of all; to begin with; for one thing ; on one hand;

9．添加信息／观点

also; besides; additionally; furthermore; plus; apart from that; on top of that; for another ; on the other hand;

大家通过评分标准可以了解到：我们需使用 “a range of connectives and discourse markers”，因为这些短语能够帮助我们更好的打开思路，拓展信息，同时，因为雅思口语问题数目多，灵活变通地使用这些短语本身也是词汇丰富度地体现，有鉴于此，相关的积累是必须且必要的！

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